实例参考自(Hardy,2019)
伸展断层传播褶皱是伸展环境中重要的一种褶皱类型，是由于隐伏基底正断层活化向上传播而引起上覆地层发生的弯曲(祁鹏等,2009)。(Hardy,2019)基于离散元模拟了伸展断层传播褶皱的演化过程。
这里通过一个离散元数值模拟(脚本源码)再现了伸展、生长、断层传播褶皱演化过程。
单位 (km)
构造演化过程
VBOX脚本源码 normal_fault_synsed.py
######################################
# title: 正断层
# date: 2020-10-30
# authors: 李长圣，徐雯峤
# E-mail: sheng0619@163.com
# 正断层上盘向右下角45度方向移动
# more info, see www.geovbox.com
#######################################
start
SET disk 0
BOX left 1.0e-3 right 25000.0 bottom 1.0e-3 height 20000.0 kn=4e10 ks=4e10 fric 0.30
WALL id 0, nodes ( 1000.0 , 4000.0 ) ( 9000.0 , 4000.0 ), kn=0e10 ks=0e10 fric 0.3 color black
WALL id 1, nodes ( 9000.0 , 4000.0 ) ( 21000.0 , 4000.0 ), kn=0e10 ks=0e10 fric 0.3 color blue
WALL id 2, nodes ( 9000.0 , 4000.0 ) ( 13000.0 , 0.0 ), kn=0e10 ks=0e10 fric 0.0 color blue
WALL id 3, nodes ( 1000.0 , 18000.0 ) ( 1000.0 , 4000.0 ), kn=0e10 ks=0e10 fric 0.3 color black
WALL id 4, nodes ( 21000.0 , 4000.0 ) ( 21000.0 , 18000.0 ), kn=0e10 ks=0e10 fric 0.3 color black
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 21000.0, y 4000.0, 18000.0, GROUP ball_rand
prop color black den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz
SET STEPBAR 1000
set print 5000
SET DT 5e-2,
SET GRAVITY ( 0.0, -10.0 )
CYC 10000
DEL range y 10000.0, 20000.0
CYC 5000
DEL range y 10000.0, 20000.0
CYC 5000
exp initxyr.dat range group ball_rand
SAV initxyr.sav
prop color mg range group ball_rand
prop color green range y 4000.0 5000.0
prop color green range y 6000.0 7000.0
prop color green range y 8000.0 9000.0
prop color green range y 10000.0 99999.0
prop fric 0.3 range group ball_rand
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed1-1 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 21200.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed1
prop color blue den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed1
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed1
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed1-2 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 21400.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed1
prop color blue den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed1
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed1
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed1-3 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 21600.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed1
prop color blue den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed1
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed1
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed1-4 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 21800.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed1
prop color blue den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed1
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed1
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed1-5 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 22000.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed1
prop color blue den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed1
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed1
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed2-1 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 22200.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed2
prop color gb den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed2
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed2
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed2-2 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 22400.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed2
prop color gb den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed2
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed2
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed2-3 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 22600.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed2
prop color gb den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed2
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed2
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed2-4 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 22800.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed2
prop color gb den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed2
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed2
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed2-5 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 23000.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed2
prop color gb den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed2
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed2
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed3-1 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 23200.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed3
prop color blue den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed3
set print -1
CYC 10000
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed3-2 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 23400.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed3
prop color blue den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed3
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed3
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed3-3 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 23600.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed3
prop color blue den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed3
set print -1
CYC 10000
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed3-4 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 23800.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed3
prop color blue den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed3
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed3
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed3-5 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 24000.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed3
prop color blue den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed3
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed3
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed4-1 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 24200.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed4
prop color gb den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed4
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed4
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed4-2 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 24400.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed4
prop color gb den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed4
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed4
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed4-3 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 24600.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed4
prop color gb den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed4
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed4
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed4-4 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 24800.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed4
prop color gb den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed4
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed4
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
################################### sed4-5 ######################################
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
gen NUM 100000, rad discrete 60.0 80.0, x 1000.0, 25000.0, y 8000.0, 10000.0, GROUP sed4
prop color gb den 2.5e3, fric 0.0, shear 2.8e9, poiss 0.2, damp 0.4, hertz,range GROUP sed4
set print -1
CYC 10000
prop fric 0.3 range group sed4
wall id 1 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
wall id 4 xv 2.0, yv -2.0
imple wall id 4 xmove 200.0 print 100.0
wall id 1 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
wall id 4 xv 0.0, yv -0.0
CYC 5000
STOP